Animal welfare and rights represent a spectrum of ethical perspectives regarding our relationship with the non-human world. While often used interchangeably, these two concepts offer distinct frameworks for how animals should be treated. Animal welfare focuses on the physical and mental well-being of animals, emphasizing the humane treatment of those under human care. It operates on the principle that humans can use animals for food, research, or companionship, provided that suffering is minimized and basic needs—such as nutrition, shelter, and medical care—are met. This approach is rooted in utilitarianism, seeking to balance human benefit with the reduction of animal distress.
Farm Animal Welfare Council. (1979). The Five Freedoms. London: FAWC. Animal welfare and rights represent a spectrum of
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Key Issues in Animal Welfare and Rights